Ceddi Journal of Management and Business Adaptation (CJMBA) is committed to maintaining the integrity, accuracy, and reliability of the scholarly record. The journal handles manuscript withdrawal, correction, retraction, expression of concern, and article removal in accordance with internationally recognized principles of publication ethics and relevant guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Article Retraction

An article published in Ceddi Journal of Management and Business Adaptation (CJMBA) may be retracted when clear evidence indicates that its findings or conclusions are unreliable, or when serious research or publication misconduct substantially compromises the integrity of the article or the scholarly record. Grounds for retraction may include, but are not limited to:

1. The findings or conclusions are unreliable as a result of fabrication, falsification, serious methodological or analytical error, or other substantial errors.
2. The article constitutes redundant or duplicate publication without appropriate justification, permission, or disclosure.
3. The article contains plagiarism or substantial unattributed use of another work.
4. The research was conducted or reported in violation of applicable ethical requirements.
5. Data, images, or other materials were used without appropriate authorization or permission.
6. There is evidence of manipulation or serious compromise of the peer-review or editorial process.
7. Undisclosed conflicts of interest or other serious publication ethics concerns materially affect the reliability or interpretation of the article.

Retractions are intended to correct the scholarly record and preserve its integrity rather than to punish authors. Retraction decisions will be made by the Editor-in-Chief or designated editor following an appropriate assessment of the available evidence and, where necessary, consultation with authors, Editorial Board members, institutions, research integrity offices, or other relevant parties.

When an article is retracted, CJMBA will publish a clearly identified retraction notice stating the reason for the retraction and identifying the article concerned. The retraction notice will be linked to the original article, and the original article will normally remain accessible but will be clearly marked as Retracted in order to preserve the transparency and integrity of the scholarly record.

Manuscript Withdrawal

Authors are expected to submit manuscripts only after careful consideration and agreement among all authors. Authors who wish to withdraw a manuscript before publication must submit a formal written request to the editorial office explaining the reason for withdrawal. The request should be submitted by the corresponding author with the agreement of all authors.

Withdrawal requests will be considered by the Editor-in-Chief or designated editor. Authors are encouraged to request withdrawal as early as possible and should not submit the manuscript to another journal until confirmation of withdrawal has been received from CJMBA.

CJMBA may also withdraw a manuscript from editorial consideration when serious concerns are identified before publication, including duplicate submission, plagiarism, fabricated or falsified information, serious authorship disputes, ethical violations, manipulation of the peer-review process, or other substantial breaches of the journal's editorial and publication ethics policies.

Once an article has been formally published, it will not normally be treated as a manuscript withdrawal. Any concerns arising after publication will be addressed through the appropriate post-publication mechanism, such as a correction, expression of concern, retraction, or article removal, depending on the nature and severity of the issue.

Corrections

CJMBA may issue a correction when an error or omission is identified in a published article but the error does not invalidate the article's principal findings or conclusions. Corrections may address significant errors in the text, data, tables, figures, author information, affiliations, acknowledgments, funding information, or other elements of the published record.

Where a formal correction is required, CJMBA will publish a clearly identified correction notice and link it to the original article. The journal will maintain a transparent record of substantive changes made to published content.

Expression of Concern

CJMBA may publish an Expression of Concern when serious concerns have been raised about a published article but the available evidence is inconclusive, an investigation is ongoing, or a final editorial decision cannot yet be reached.

An Expression of Concern is intended to alert readers to potentially significant issues while an appropriate investigation is conducted. It may subsequently be followed by a correction, retraction, or other appropriate editorial action when sufficient evidence becomes available.

Article Removal

Complete removal of a published article is considered an exceptional measure and will not normally be used as a substitute for retraction. Removal may be considered when continued public availability would result in serious legal, privacy, confidentiality, ethical, or public-safety concerns, or when removal is required by a competent legal authority.

Where removal is necessary, the bibliographic record and an explanatory notice will be retained whenever legally and technically possible in order to preserve the transparency and integrity of the scholarly record.

Post-Publication Investigation

Concerns regarding published articles will be handled objectively, confidentially, and fairly. Authors and other relevant parties will normally be given an opportunity to respond to substantive concerns before a final editorial action is taken, except where immediate action is necessary to address serious legal, ethical, confidentiality, or public-interest concerns.

Where an investigation requires expertise or authority beyond that of the journal, CJMBA may refer the matter to the relevant institution, research integrity office, ethics committee, funding body, publisher, or other competent authority and may consider the findings of such investigations when determining the appropriate editorial action.

Preservation of the Scholarly Record

CJMBA is committed to correcting the scholarly record promptly and transparently when reliable evidence demonstrates that editorial action is necessary. Published articles will not normally be deleted, replaced, or substantially altered without an appropriate and transparent record of the change.

Retraction notices, correction notices, expressions of concern, and article removal notices will remain publicly accessible and will be linked to the affected article whenever technically possible. The original DOI and bibliographic information will normally be preserved to maintain the traceability of the scholarly record.

Publication Ethics Guidance

This policy is guided by the COPE Retraction Guidelines and other relevant COPE guidance concerning corrections, expressions of concern, research integrity, and publication ethics.

Questions or concerns regarding manuscript withdrawal, correction, retraction, expression of concern, article removal, or other post-publication matters may be directed to the CJMBA editorial office at admin@ceddi.id.